PHP, Nginx, MySQL, Redis va Mailpit bilan to‘liq Dockerized Laravel muhiti

Laravel loyihalarida development muhitini har safar qo‘lda sozlash vaqt talab qiladi. PHP versiyasi, Composer, Node.js, MySQL, Redis va web serverni alohida o‘rnatish esa bir nechta loyihada ishlaganda yanada noqulay bo‘lishi mumkin.

Shu sababli men Laravel loyihalari uchun Docker asosidagi starter kit tayyorladim.

Ushbu starter kit yordamida Laravel loyihasini quyidagi servislar bilan birga ishga tushirish mumkin:

PHP 8.4-FPM
Nginx 1.28.1
MySQL 8.4
Redis 7
Node.js 22
Composer 2
Mailpit
phpMyAdmin
Laravel 13

Barcha servislar Docker Compose orqali boshqariladi.

---

Loyiha tuzilishi

Repository taxminan quyidagi tuzilishga ega:

text

laravel-docker-starterkit/
├── docker/
│   └── services/
│       ├── app/
│       │   ├── app.dockerfile
│       │   └── entrypoint.sh
│       └── web/
│           ├── web.dockerfile
│           └── vhost.conf
├── src/
│   ├── app/
│   ├── bootstrap/
│   ├── config/
│   ├── database/
│   ├── public/
│   ├── resources/
│   ├── routes/
│   ├── .env.example
│   ├── composer.json
│   └── package.json
├── docker-compose.yml
└── local.sh

src — Laravel application joylashadigan asosiy katalog.

docker katalogida esa application va web server uchun Docker konfiguratsiyalari mavjud.

---

Docker arxitekturasi

Bu starter kit ikki asosiy application qatlamidan foydalanadi:

text

Browser
                       │
                       ▼
                ┌─────────────┐
                │    Nginx    │
                │   :8000     │
                └──────┬──────┘
                       │
                       │ FastCGI
                       ▼
                ┌─────────────┐
                │ PHP-FPM 8.4 │
                │    app      │
                └──────┬──────┘
                       │
          ┌────────────┼────────────┐
          ▼            ▼            ▼
       MySQL         Redis        Mailpit

Nginx HTTP so‘rovlarini qabul qiladi va PHP so‘rovlarini app:9000 orqali PHP-FPM containeriga yuboradi.

Laravel application esa MySQL, Redis va Mailpit bilan Docker network orqali bog‘lanadi.

---

PHP application container

Application container php:8.4-fpm-bookworm image asosida quriladi.

Unda Laravel development uchun kerak bo‘ladigan PHP extensionlar mavjud:

bcmath
gd
intl
mbstring
opcache
pcntl
pdo_mysql
zip
Redis extension

Bundan tashqari container ichida:

Composer 2
Node.js 22
npm

ham mavjud.

Shuning uchun host tizimga PHP yoki Node.js o‘rnatmasdan turib Laravel development qilish mumkin.

Container ichidagi working directory:

text

/var/www

Hostdagi:

text

./src

shu katalog bilan bog‘langan.

---

Nginx

Web server sifatida Nginx 1.28.1 ishlatiladi.

Nginx Laravel'ning:

text

/var/www/public

katalogini web root sifatida ishlatadi.

PHP fayllari esa PHP-FPM containeriga yuboriladi:

nginx

fastcgi_pass app:9000;

Bu yerda app — Docker Compose service nomi.

Hostdagi application porti default holatda:

text

Shuning uchun browser orqali:

text

http://localhost:8000

manzilidan Laravel application'ni ochish mumkin.

---

MySQL

Database uchun MySQL 8.4 ishlatiladi.

Docker Compose'dagi database service:

text

database

Laravel containeridan MySQL'ga ulanishda localhost emas, aynan service nomi ishlatiladi:

env

DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=database
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=laravel
DB_USERNAME=laravel
DB_PASSWORD=secret

MySQL ma'lumotlari Docker named volume orqali saqlanadi.

Shuning uchun container qayta yaratilganda database ma'lumotlari avtomatik ravishda yo‘qolmaydi.

---

Redis

Redis 7 Alpine image asosida ishlaydi.

Laravel ichidan Redis service'iga quyidagicha murojaat qilish mumkin:

env

REDIS_HOST=redis
REDIS_PORT=6379

Redis ham alohida Docker volume'ga ega.

Bu setup Laravel cache, session yoki queue kabi vazifalar uchun Redis'dan foydalanishga imkon beradi.

---

Mailpit

Email development uchun Mailpit ishlatiladi.

Laravel'dan yuborilgan email haqiqiy email serverga jo‘natilmaydi. U Mailpit tomonidan ushlab qolinadi va development vaqtida browser orqali ko‘rish mumkin.

Laravel .env:

env

MAIL_MAILER=smtp
MAIL_HOST=mailpit
MAIL_PORT=1025

Mailpit web interfeysi:

text

http://localhost:8025

SMTP server esa:

text

localhost:1025

Bu ayniqsa registration, password reset va notification kabi funksiyalarni development vaqtida test qilish uchun qulay.

---

phpMyAdmin

Database bilan ishlash uchun optional phpMyAdmin service ham mavjud.

U Docker Compose'da tools profile orqali ishga tushiriladi.

Default manzil:

text

http://localhost:8888

phpMyAdmin orqali MySQL database'ni browserdan boshqarish mumkin.

Agar phpMyAdmin kerak bo‘lmasa, asosiy Laravel environment undan foydalanmasdan ham ishlayveradi.

---

Environment sozlamalari

Avval .env faylini yarating:

bash

cp src/.env.example src/.env

Keyin database va boshqa Docker servislarini Laravel bilan bog‘lang:

env

APP_URL=http://localhost:8000

DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=database
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=laravel
DB_USERNAME=laravel
DB_PASSWORD=secret

REDIS_HOST=redis
REDIS_PORT=6379

MAIL_MAILER=smtp
MAIL_HOST=mailpit
MAIL_PORT=1025

Muhim nuqta: Docker ichidagi Laravel application uchun DB_HOST=localhost ishlatilmaydi.

Docker network ichida boshqa containerlarga service nomi orqali murojaat qilinadi:

text

database
redis
mailpit

---

Birinchi ishga tushirish

Repository'ni clone qiling:

bash

git clone https://github.com/mirrrjr/laravel-docker-starterkit.git

cd laravel-docker-starterkit

.env yarating:

bash

cp src/.env.example src/.env

Keyin:

bash

./local.sh init

init command quyidagi ishlarni bajaradi:

Docker image'larni build qiladi.
Containerlarni ishga tushiradi.
Composer dependency'larini o‘rnatadi.
Laravel application key yaratadi.
Database migration'larini ishga tushiradi.
npm dependency'larini o‘rnatadi.

Birinchi ishga tushirishda Docker image'lar yuklanishi sababli jarayon biroz vaqt olishi mumkin.

Shundan keyin application:

text

http://localhost:8000

manzilida ishlaydi.

---

`local.sh`

Starter kitdagi local.sh Docker commandlarini qisqartirish uchun yozilgan helper script.

Masalan:

bash

./local.sh up

containerlarni ishga tushiradi.

bash

./local.sh down

containerlarni to‘xtatadi va olib tashlaydi.

bash

./local.sh restart

restart qiladi.

bash

./local.sh rebuild

Docker image'larni qayta build qiladi.

Loglarni ko‘rish:

bash

./local.sh logs

Ma'lum service loglarini ko‘rish:

bash

./local.sh logs app

Application containeriga kirish:

bash

./local.sh shell

Laravel Artisan commandlari:

bash

./local.sh artisan migrate

Composer:

bash

./local.sh composer install

npm:

bash

./local.sh npm install

Bu yondashuv uzun docker compose exec ... commandlarini har safar yozish zaruratini kamaytiradi.

---

Frontend development

Application containerida Node.js 22 va npm mavjud.

Dependency o‘rnatish:

bash

./local.sh npm install

Development server:

bash

./local.sh npm run dev

Production build:

bash

./local.sh npm run build

Laravel frontend assetlari Vite orqali boshqariladi.

---

Database bilan ishlash

Migration:

bash

./local.sh artisan migrate

Fresh migration:

bash

./local.sh artisan migrate:fresh

Seeder bilan:

bash

./local.sh artisan migrate:fresh --seed

Laravel Tinker:

bash

./local.sh artisan tinker

Shunday qilib Artisan commandlarini host tizimga PHP o‘rnatmasdan ham ishlatish mumkin.

---

Docker servislarining portlari

Default portlar:

Service	Host port	Container port
---------------	--------:	-------------:
Laravel / Nginx	`8000`	`80`
MySQL	`3306`	`3306`
Redis	`6379`	`6379`
Mailpit SMTP	`1025`	`1025`
Mailpit Web	`8025`	`8025`
phpMyAdmin	`8888`	`80`

Portlarni .env orqali o‘zgartirish mumkin.

Masalan:

env

APP_PORT=8080

Shunda Laravel:

text

http://localhost:8080

orqali ochiladi.

---

Nima uchun Docker?

Bunday environment'ning asosiy afzalligi — development muhitini loyihadan ajratish.

Host tizimda:

text

PHP
MySQL
Redis
Node.js
Composer
Nginx

o‘rnatib, har bir loyihada alohida versiyalar bilan kurashish shart emas.

Docker esa kerakli environment'ni loyiha bilan birga olib yuradi.

Masalan, boshqa developer repository'ni clone qilgach, bir xil PHP, Node.js, MySQL va Redis environment'ini oladi.

Bu esa:

environment inconsistency'ni kamaytiradi;
project setup vaqtini qisqartiradi;
dependency versiyalarini boshqarishni osonlashtiradi;
yangi developer uchun onboarding'ni soddalashtiradi.

---

Xulosa

Laravel Docker Starter Kit — Laravel loyihalarini lokal development qilish uchun tayyor Docker environment.

Uning asosiy qismlari:

text

Laravel
   │
   ├── PHP 8.4-FPM
   ├── Nginx 1.28
   ├── MySQL 8.4
   ├── Redis 7
   ├── Node.js 22
   ├── Mailpit
   └── phpMyAdmin

Maqsad esa oddiy: Docker environment bilan uzoq vaqt konfiguratsiya qilmasdan Laravel development'ni boshlash.

Repository'ni clone qiling, .envni sozlang va:

bash

./local.sh init

buyrug‘i bilan development muhitini ishga tushiring.

PHP, Nginx, MySQL, Redis va Mailpit bilan to‘liq Dockerized Laravel muhiti

Loyiha tuzilishi

Docker arxitekturasi

PHP application container

Nginx

MySQL

Redis

Mailpit

phpMyAdmin

Environment sozlamalari

Birinchi ishga tushirish

`local.sh`

Frontend development

Database bilan ishlash

Docker servislarining portlari

Nima uchun Docker?

Xulosa

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